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Stew, why are you warning about building up resistance to gear,there is no such thing
- Thread starter Horny
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The Iron Game
New member
guards you ever have any pot?
Bootyshaker
New member
I jist want to thank all you assholes for making me realize how stupid i am! lol
The Iron Game
New member
Panerai, good question but while we are on the topic:
Beware the Grapefruit Overdose; Your Breakfast Juice Can Boost the Absorption of Some Commonly Prescribed Drugs
Pity the poor grapefruit. Never as popular as its sweeter sibling the orange, it also possesses a potentially dangerous flaw: When combined with certain medications, the juice of the grapefruit can dramatically boost the amount of a drug in the bloodstream and increase the chance of adverse effects.
Here's why: The intestine is host to an enzyme that, under normal circumstances, breaks drugs down; recommended dosages of drugs take into account this enzyme's effect. But both grapefruit and its juice somehow inhibit the action of this enzyme, and the patient ends up absorbing a much higher dose of the drug than the doctor intended.
Scientists don't know exactly which ingredient in grapefruit is responsible for this perplexing property, but it doesn't appear to be shared by oranges or any other fruit, according to Garvan C. Kane, an internist at the Mayo Clinic who co-authored a comprehensive review paper on grapefruit-drug interactions in the September issue of the Mayo Clinic Proceedings.
What's worrisome is that the drugs that grapefruit interacts with are among today's most commonly prescribed. They include many of the cholesterol-lowering drugs known as statins (such as Zocor and Lipitor), some of the calcium antagonists used to treat high blood pressure (Plendil, Sular), the sedative Valium, the anti-anxiety medication BuSpar and possibly the impotence drug Viagra.
Grapefruit-drug interactions were first noticed about 10 years ago. Although there have been no reports of death or even serious adverse effects associated with the phenomenon, nobody has specifically looked for them. And bad reactions have been reported in people who have combined these drugs with the antibiotic erythromycin, which blocks the same enzyme that grapefruit does.
The effect is akin to an overdose of the drug itself. High doses of statins, for example, can lead to muscle pain or weakness, and in rare instances a condition called rhabdomyolysis, in which excess muscle breakdown can lead to kidney failure. Grapefruit plus calcium antagonists could cause dizziness or faintness. And a higher Valium dose means increased sedation.
Some pharmacies label prescription bottles with a warning not to consume grapefruit juice within two to four hours of taking these medications. But Kane says that might not be a long enough waiting period for the drugs with more serious side effects.
But suppose you wanted to boost the amount of a drug--say, Viagra--in your system. Could you combine it with grapefruit? Not a good idea. Grapefruit might indeed enhance Viagra's potency-inducing property, but at a price: Side effects such as headache, flushing, indigestion and vision changes would likely rise as well.
Kane urges caution. But "I don't want people to panic. With many medications, grapefruit is perfectly safe. It's just a matter of discussing it with your physician."
That view is echoed by Falco Witkamp, director of grapefruit marketing for the Florida Department of Citrus, based in Lakeland, Fla. "There are many foods that interact with medicines, including caffeine and milk. People should always discuss their diet with their doctor," he urged. And of course grapefruit does have a health upside: Studies have shown that regular consumption reduces the risk for heart disease, stroke and possibly cancer.
Beware the Grapefruit Overdose; Your Breakfast Juice Can Boost the Absorption of Some Commonly Prescribed Drugs
Pity the poor grapefruit. Never as popular as its sweeter sibling the orange, it also possesses a potentially dangerous flaw: When combined with certain medications, the juice of the grapefruit can dramatically boost the amount of a drug in the bloodstream and increase the chance of adverse effects.
Here's why: The intestine is host to an enzyme that, under normal circumstances, breaks drugs down; recommended dosages of drugs take into account this enzyme's effect. But both grapefruit and its juice somehow inhibit the action of this enzyme, and the patient ends up absorbing a much higher dose of the drug than the doctor intended.
Scientists don't know exactly which ingredient in grapefruit is responsible for this perplexing property, but it doesn't appear to be shared by oranges or any other fruit, according to Garvan C. Kane, an internist at the Mayo Clinic who co-authored a comprehensive review paper on grapefruit-drug interactions in the September issue of the Mayo Clinic Proceedings.
What's worrisome is that the drugs that grapefruit interacts with are among today's most commonly prescribed. They include many of the cholesterol-lowering drugs known as statins (such as Zocor and Lipitor), some of the calcium antagonists used to treat high blood pressure (Plendil, Sular), the sedative Valium, the anti-anxiety medication BuSpar and possibly the impotence drug Viagra.
Grapefruit-drug interactions were first noticed about 10 years ago. Although there have been no reports of death or even serious adverse effects associated with the phenomenon, nobody has specifically looked for them. And bad reactions have been reported in people who have combined these drugs with the antibiotic erythromycin, which blocks the same enzyme that grapefruit does.
The effect is akin to an overdose of the drug itself. High doses of statins, for example, can lead to muscle pain or weakness, and in rare instances a condition called rhabdomyolysis, in which excess muscle breakdown can lead to kidney failure. Grapefruit plus calcium antagonists could cause dizziness or faintness. And a higher Valium dose means increased sedation.
Some pharmacies label prescription bottles with a warning not to consume grapefruit juice within two to four hours of taking these medications. But Kane says that might not be a long enough waiting period for the drugs with more serious side effects.
But suppose you wanted to boost the amount of a drug--say, Viagra--in your system. Could you combine it with grapefruit? Not a good idea. Grapefruit might indeed enhance Viagra's potency-inducing property, but at a price: Side effects such as headache, flushing, indigestion and vision changes would likely rise as well.
Kane urges caution. But "I don't want people to panic. With many medications, grapefruit is perfectly safe. It's just a matter of discussing it with your physician."
That view is echoed by Falco Witkamp, director of grapefruit marketing for the Florida Department of Citrus, based in Lakeland, Fla. "There are many foods that interact with medicines, including caffeine and milk. People should always discuss their diet with their doctor," he urged. And of course grapefruit does have a health upside: Studies have shown that regular consumption reduces the risk for heart disease, stroke and possibly cancer.
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Stew Meat
Guest
guards said:
I just stumbled on this thread so I'm going to take it from the top. Pain killers don't work by regulating serotonin and dopime. They have nothing to with that.
Neurons are fed information by dendrites. Once there is enough information to merit a particular response (response threshold) the axon bulb releases a brief spurt of K+ which causes the doors/chambers of the axon to fire open. Each time a chamber opens, through a chain reaction, it causes the next door to open. When these doors open, K+ and Cl- rush out and Na+ rushes in. The nerve is then in cabable of firing again until the K+ and Cl- can seep back into the axon chambers and the Na+ is pumped out by the sodium/potassium pump. The sodium/potassium pump is powered by ATP.
What a pain killer does is occupy the sodium/potassium pump and prevents the active transport of Na+ from within the axon chambers after the neuron has fired. This slows the influx of K+ and Cl- wich leaves the neuron unable to fire for longer periods of time. If the neuron can't fire, it can't send a message of pain. If it can't send the messsage, the brain doesn't know that there is injury or trama. The stronger the pain killer, the more it prevents the actions of the sodium/potassium pump and the more it prevents the pain sensations.
These medications are metabolised by the liver. The more the liver comes into contact with this pain killer substance, the more enzymes that it makes that are capable of breakikng it down. The purpose behind this is the body doesn't want to be hindered. It wants to reach a homemostasis and do what it was meant to do. Our bodies adapt. So one would have to use more and more pain killer to get the same effects because more is becoming "destroyed" by the liver.
The same holds true for any recreational drug that is metabolised by the liver i.e. alchohol, cocaine, etc. The same is also true for caffeine and most any drug or medication availible. The higher quantity that you take, the quicker you will develop a tolerance (efficency of the liver to metabolise) to normal amounts.
The same is true for anabolic steroids. The further the levels get from your normal baseline, the harder you liver works to metabolise them. Whenever the levels are remaining high for a long time, eventually the liver becomes so efficient that it is destroying/breakign down the AS before the androgen even has a chance to bind to its appropriate receptors and elicit its anabolic response. It does this in an effort to get levels to return to baseline. Thus, higher and higher dossages must be used in order to have the same response that one once had for low dosses.
Receptors do not down regulate. They upregulate in response to high levels of hormone. Receptors are like the epithelial cells in that they are constantly changing (dying and growing back). Gear looses its effectiveness through the ability of the body to break it down in an effort to return hormone levels to baseline.
-Stew
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Stew Meat
Guest
2Thick said:
2Thick, studies show that receptor response is upregulated in response to being introduced to higher levels of androgens.
-Stew
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Stew Meat
Guest
Horny said:
No one said the resistance was perminant. The longer you lay off, the less your tolerance will be. The same principles that apply to alcohol apply to other medications that are metabolised by the liver.
-Stew
