yes .. cleats attached to the bottom of your shoe.
without these cleats you get power from 12 oclock to 6 oclock. .... thats it. that aint a full 360 degree power stroke is it?? thats only 180 degrees...where is the power from 6 back to 12 without cleats? momentum is what brings the food around from 6-12. no muscles involved... just momentum..
so you, with no attached cleat are getting 1/2 the power you need in a peddal stroke. you get it from 12-6. then all you have is momentum from 6-12.
cleats give you the power from 12-6 and 6-12.. because of the way you pull(giving you the great calves) from the 6-12 position.. you are getting a full 360 degree power stroke..
the way to explain it is like if you have mud on the bottom of your shoe, the way you scrape the mud off is putting the muddy shoe on a curb and pulling the foot towards you to get the mud off. this is the motion you use on the upstroke( 6-12) and this is what gives you calves.. cut to shread calves..