I think this question should be rephrased to read, the science behind simple carbs and fats. Classifying carbs as evil is wrong. Carbs can very well be eaten with fat. It is the type of carb, the timing, etc. that is the crux of the matter.
A phrase like carbs and fat cannot be eaten together is a blanket statement that cannot be made. From the article itself stated in the above post.....
The conversion of carbohydrates or protein into fat is 10 times less efficient than simply storing fat in a fat cell, but the body can do it. If you have 100 extra calories in fat (about 11 grams) floating in your bloodstream, fat cells can store it using only 2.5 calories of energy. On the other hand, if you have 100 extra calories in glucose (about 25 grams) floating in your bloodstream, it takes 23 calories of energy to convert the glucose into fat and then store it. Given a choice, a fat cell will grab the fat and store it rather than the carbohydrates because fat is so much easier to store.
So, it is not the carbohydrates per sey. Fat storage does not require iinsulin from carbohydrates to be stored, it can in fact do a good job on its own.
Somehow this food partitioning thing got started, there is some mistaken notion that this is the way to eat and lose weight. While this is true, it is not due to food partitioning.
Here is part of a post I made earlier, for laziness not wanting to retype it.....As far as the food partitioning, I already stated my stance on this, and can back it up. If you look at the references cited in these arguments, every study suggesting that macro composition matters is looking at different protein intakes, with higher being better. Duh! People on high-protein always tend to eat less. So do people who reduce carbs or switch to lower gi foods. Early low-fat studies found the same: take out a calorically dense food and people eat less. It is easy to interpret some metabolic advantage but what is actually going on is that dietary changes make people eat less automatically(i.e...not mixing carbs and fats).