For the most part...yes.
However, neuromuscular adaptions can occur with little or no hypertrophy. The result is a stronger muscle that may not necessarily be larger.
This is probably most frequently seen in beginners. That's why many newbies sometimes see no gains for the first few weeks of training. The body will often respond to the new stimulus of weight training with greater neuromuscular adaption of existing muscle tissue as a hedge against adding the metabolically expensive muscle. (Your body would rather not add muscle because it will require greater maintenace and usage of valuable resources, i.e. calories.)