Sesamin and episesamin are PPAR-A agonists, PPAR-alpha agonism increases HDL synthesis and lowers (normalizes) LDL cholesterol. The mechanism has not been clearly delineated though its at least partly related to PPAR-A agonist regulation of lipogenic enzymes, apolipoprotein AI gene expression, increases in peroxisomal activity as well as impacts on fatty acid beta-oxidation.