Let me elaborate. If you are grossly out of shape, like an obese individual with a sedentary lifestyle, it can cause a stroke or a heart attack. If you are a normal out of shape person, you can't push yourself to the level that you need to push to reap the benefits of HIIT training. You can get into shape with moderate intensity intervals or short brisk paced runs. Instead of doing 1 or 2 sprints, you can do 4 or 5 intervals with a pace that will leave you gassed, but not all out sprints. You can then increase the intensity of the intervals until you can do all of them sprinting, then increase the number of intervals. Just like working up to a 300 pound squat by keeping the sets and the reps the same, but increasing weight workout by workout. That's how I did, worked for me.
P.S: To make a clarification: Doing extended cardio will get you in shape, it just won't increase anaerobic work capacity.