Cats can withstand some pretty cold temperatures. Same with dogs.
Any cat with a mid-length coat or longer would easily be able to handle single digit temps as long as they weren't exposed to wind. That said cats are smart enough they'd find a place with minimal air movement and tight to curl up in and generate heat.
I remember watching my last boss's house awhile back and I walked his dog 2-3x day for 20-30 minute walks and usually around 3-4am in the morning she would start making a fuss and want outside. I got tired of this real quick and asked him over the phone if she could handle sleeping outside during the night in temp's around the teen's or low 40's to high 30's and light rain. He said np so one night around 3am she wanted out so I did and left her out. It was like 15 degrees out and very light flakes coming down. I woke up around 9am and checked on her outside the sliding glass door and she was curled up. She had maybe half and inch of snow on her. When I opened the door she looked up at me all glassy eyed G style as if to say "what, this ain't shit, I can do this all week". She bounced upm shook herself off for a couple seconds and was gtg. And she had rather short hair as a lab.
After that I realized dogs and cats are FAR more physically suited to tolerating outdoor temps as obvious as it may seem. I know with my hairy ass legs that I routinely walk around in shorts during the winter even when it's in the teen's like it's nothing so imagine a cat or dogs thick fur coating.
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