(I have searched for studies about Maltitol and 'Ketosis' but have come to no conclusion as of yet, besides my own theories and personal experiments.)
MALTITOL
Maltitol is in a class of alternative sweeteners known as polyols which includes sorbitol, xylitol, and mannitol. Also refered to as sugar alcohols, part of polyols' chemical structure resembles sugar and part is similar to alcohols. Scientists use the terms polyhydric alcohols and polyalcohols.
Maltitol is produced by the catalytic hydrogenation of a special high maltose corn syrup that transforms the maltose to the sugar alcohol maltitol. Maltitol powders or syrups range from 50 to 89% in maltitol purity. Maltitol has no aftertaste like some of the other polyols. Like other polyols, maltitol is slowly absorbed by the system.
Maltitol is not a mono- or di-saccharide like common sugar and has different physical properties than those of sugars. The sweetness level of maltitol is about 90% that of sugar. Maltitol provides 3.0 calories per gram compared to approximately 4.0 calories per gram for sugar. Replacing all of the sugar in a product with maltitol powder results in a calorie reduction between 12 to 15%.
Common Uses
The properties of crystalline maltitol enables it to be used as the primary sweetener in many different products where sucrose is used. Some products may use maltitol as the only sweetener, while other products may use a combination od sweeteners. Common uses include, candy, chewing gum, chocolate, jams and jellies, baked goods, and frozen desserts.
Safety Considerations
Due to maltitol's slow absorbtion, excessive consumption may have a laxative effect. Although it may be better tolerated than other polyols, daily consumption should be limited. Particular care is recommended for children under 5 years old and for people with metabolic disorders. A warning statement, similar to the one for sorbitol, has been recommended for consumption greater than 100 grams per day.
Maltitol is said to be non-cariogenic; it is not readily converted to acids by bacteria in the mouth and, therefore, does not promote tooth decay.
Conversion of maltitol requires little or no insulin and does not cause a significant increase in serum glucose levels, making it suitable for diabetics. However, people with diabetes should consult their physician or health professional about including maltitol in their daily diet.
Food Labeling
Maltitol should be listed on the label, just like any other ingredient. The term "sugar alcohol" or maltitol may also appear in the Nutrition Facts panel. Products using maltitol as the sole sweetener meet the FDA's definition of "no sugar added" or "sugarless".
The number of grams of maltitol in a serving may be included voluntarily. If a product claim includes "sugar free", then the maltitol content must be shown. If other polyols are in the food, the term sugar alcohol must be used.