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 Anabolic growth on a cellular level....
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| Author | Topic: Anabolic growth on a cellular level.... | ||
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Guru 
Posts: 4630 |
Hey my bros.Dug up another interesting read out of another"Bodybuilding Pharmacology"section,thought you guys might enjoy... Until 1996 many scientists insisted that any increase in muscular size that appeared to come from anabolic steroid use was the result of water retention.As proof they pointed to the often transient muscle gains exhibited by steroid-using athletes,an effect that seemed to fade when the athletes stopped using drugs.All doubts,even among zealous scientific skeptics,evaporated with the publication of a 1996 study that was published in the prestigious New England Journal of Medicine...Researchers gave 600mgs/week of testosterone injections to UNTRAINED men,who experienced increases in muscle size and strength,as measured in the quadriceps muscles.The effect was even more pronounced in people who engaged in weight training(Duh).Perhaps the most surprising finding of the study wasn't the fact that anabolic steroids,in this case testosterone injections,increased muscle size and strength,but that they worked EVEN WITHOUT EXCERCISE.That point totally erased any lingering doubts anyone might have had about the pronounced effects of steroids on muscle size.The results merely confirmed what was evident:People who took steroids grew faster and generally had larger muscles than those who didn't(duh,lol).What wasn't examined in the celebrated 1996 study was presicely how steroids work to promote their anabolic effects at a CELLULAR level...With the publication of a new study,that gap has been filled.Researchers examined muscle fibers that were extracted from two groups of powerlifters--Drug users and non drug users.The researchers noted that muscle growth occurs through two mechanisms.The first involves an enlargement of existing muscle fibers through the synthesis of new protein,an effect that's accelerated by anabolic steroids.The other,muscle hyperplasia,involves the formation of NEW muscle fibers,and is still a matter of debate among scientists.While hyperplasia has never been directly observed in humans(although it has been shown in other species,such as birds and cats)circumstancial evidence does point to its possible existence in highly trained athletes.For example,one study published about 13 years ago compared the muscle fibers of untrained college students to those of competitive bodybuilders.Despite the fact that the bodybuilders' arms measured nearly 20 inches,under a microscope the muscle fibers of the two groups were indistinguishable.Based on that,the researcher theorized that the bodybuilders must have formed NEW muscle fibers,or undergone muscle hyperplasia.The new study here focused on the way muscle fibers of long-term steroid users and drug-free athletes appear under the microscope.The subjects were all world-class powerlifters and trained in a similar fashion.They averaged four to six training sessions per week,training two to three hours per workout on four to seven movements and using a repetition range of three to twelve per set.Among the 19 powerlifters in the study were nine admitted steroid users.They'd used steroids for an average of nine years,and the variety of preperations they used included 100-500mg/week of testosterone,nandrolone,stanozolol,primobolan,anadrol-50,masteron,proviron and durabolin.Their practices included"stacking",as well as cycling on and off the drugs.Four of the lifters had also used insulinlike growth factor 1(IGF-1)while one had taken growth hormone.The analysis of the steroid users' muscle fibers confirmed that the area of muscle fiber was significantly increased by anabolic steroid use.While that doesn't exactly qualify as astounding news,the scientists conducting the study,one of whom was a Swedish powerlifting champ,also noted INCREASED NUMBERS OF MUSCLE CELL NUCLEI,and an enhance proportion of newly formed muscle fibers-A CLEAR FORM OF HYPERPLASIA.The source of these newly formed cells are so-called"satellite"cells-immature muscle cells that have been previously shown to be activated during times of extreme muscle stress,such as injury.Even more significant is the fact that the satellite cells show INCREASED ANDROGEN RECEPTORS,which means a GREATER CAPACITY TO USE ANDROGENS,such as anabolic steroids.The findings indicate that the size of the cell reflects the number of muscle cell nuclei.Anabolic steroids induce an increase in muscle cell DNA content,which in turn upregulates muscle protein synthesis.As expected,the steroid-using powerlifters in the study had more muscle cell nuclei than their drug-free peers.A practical implication of those findings is that using anabolic steroids INCREASES THE MUSCLE CELLS' ABILITY TO USE EVEN MORE ANABOLIC STEROIDS EFFECTIVELY.That's due to an INCREASED NUMBER OF ANDROGEN CELL RECEPTORS induced by steroid use....Just remember fellas,"those steroids don't enhance performance,they just make you gain some water",LOL....Hope you enjoyed---Huck [This message has been edited by HUCKLEBERRY FINNaplex (edited November 22, 2000).]    | ||
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Pro Bodybuilder 
Posts: 444 |
interesting, good read ------------------  | ||
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Pro Bodybuilder
Posts: 458 |
Good post Huck! Better than the anti-progesteronic effects of Winny on Deca...ha ha! Had to do it! ------------------ | ||
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Guru
Posts: 4630 |
 | ||
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Elite Bodybuilder 
Posts: 735 |
The evidence is clearly before me...I need to use some testosterone. | ||
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Elite Bodybuilder
Posts: 1106 |
Like always, thanks for a great post! ------------------ | ||
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Amateur Bodybuilder 
Posts: 228 |
read a similar study on test enanthate in men causing MUSCLE growth with 0 sides over the short term administration | ||
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Pro Bodybuilder
Posts: 450 |
Where the hell did they find elite powerlifters who never used roids? LOL! Peace! ------------------ | ||
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Pro Bodybuilder
Posts: 302 |
Damn. Where do you find this stuff. Thanks for the great post... | ||
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Amateur Bodybuilder
Posts: 89 |
not bad, i like reading stuff like that | ||
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Amateur Bodybuilder
Posts: 105 |
This is interesting but We know that without the study. jsut look at anyone who is big. (Not the Bloated fucks) does it look like all water? what they don't tell you is how the protien strands combine to form muscle and what mechinisum is responsible for this. (by the way a protien strand is more complex then a DNA strand) | ||
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Pro Bodybuilder
Posts: 442 |
another great post from The Man!! | ||
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Pro Bodybuilder
Posts: 551 |
thats suport in the notion the more the beter. | ||
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Freak 
Posts: 1527 |
Very good read... Thanks Ape!!! ------------------ | ||
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Cool Novice 
Posts: 38 |
Nice post!! Great info. | ||
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Guru
Posts: 4630 |
Bumping for the evening crew.... | ||
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Elite Bodybuilder
Posts: 1103 |
Good Post! | ||
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Amateur Bodybuilder
Posts: 175 |
Good post. I think most open minded Docs and researchers believed that A.S. caused muscle growth long before '96. I remember marveling at Lou in the original Hulk way back when(70?) and Holly(local know it all girl)sneared"he's on steroids". This thing about increasing cell number, as oppossed to just thickness is quite new. Untill very recently it was common to see it stated that this was impossible. The last article I read talked about satalite cell nuclia donation as well. My old( perhaps wrong)view was that each cell had only one nuculus. Thanks for the read, I need to study more about this stuff. | ||
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Pro Bodybuilder
Posts: 494 |
cool ------------------ | ||
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Elite Bodybuilder
Posts: 1335 |
7.30 am and at work. Bump for the great info (as usual, thanks Huck). ------------------ Don't look back, life is too short | ||
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Amateur Bodybuilder
Posts: 190 |
Nice post Huck! | ||
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Guru
Posts: 4630 |
Up this bad boy goes.... | ||
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Guru
Posts: 2195 |
As usual, good post, Huckster. | ||
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Cool Novice
Posts: 47 |
Great post huck, this is the kind of information that makes comming to this board still worth while. Although it is nice to answer questions from novices, it is also nice to augment ones own knowledge from time to time. | ||
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Elite Bodybuilder
Posts: 1335 |
I am at home know, and i am saving this to disk. So bump for Huck. ------------------ Don't look back, life is too short | ||
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Moderator
Posts: 5520 |
you look like a cellular level | ||
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Elite Bodybuilder
Posts: 1335 |
Thank you E2. I will return the favor to you one day. ------------------ Don't look back, life is too short | ||
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Novice 
Posts: 10 |
Great post! Of course the researchers used 600 mg Testosterone ENANTHATE !!! heheheheh This article is in New England Journal of Medicine July 4, 1996 Vol.335 No.1 There is the article and an editoral in the same vein. You can check out an abstract www.nejm.org/content/1996/0335/0001/0052.asp
[This message has been edited by Enanthate (edited November 23, 2000).] | ||
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Elite Bodybuilder
Posts: 1335 |
I will bump this up. Come on E2: when you say A, you should say B. What is this with "you look like a cellular level". ------------------ Don't look back, life is too short |
All times are ET (US) | |
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posted November 22, 2000 01:36 PM