goodfellas said:
Identification and quantitation of 1,4-butanediol in mammalian tissues: an alternative biosynthetic pathway for gamma-hydroxybutyric acid.
Barker SA, Snead OC, Poldrugo F, Liu CC, Fish FP, Settine RL.
no abstract
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Studies on the relation of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Evidence that GABA is not the sole source for GHB in rat brain.
Snead OC 3rd, Liu CC, Bearden LJ.
The effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-alpha-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GABA-T) inhibitors, L-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitors, and antipetit mal anticonvulsants on gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and GABA were studied. Treatment with anticonvulsants and GABA-T inhibitors resulted in an increase in steady-state brain levels of both GHB and GABA. GAD inhibitors produced markedly decreased levels of brain GABA but no change in GHB concentrations. Studies of GHB derived exclusively from GABA showed that GABA-T inhibitors which produced an elevation of steady-state levels of GHB in brain also resulted in a decrease in GABA-derived GHB. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of GABA, putrescine, and 1,4-butanediol all produced significant elevations in brain GHB, but GABA-T inhibitors blocked this effect of GABA and putrescine.
These data suggest that there may be another source for GHB in brain in addition to GABA and raise the possibility that 1,4-butanediol may be that source.
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[Toxic role of an endogenous substance: 1,4-butanediol]
[Article in Italian]
Poldrugo F.
no abstract
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Ethanol potentiates the toxic effects of 1,4-butanediol.
Poldrugo F, Barker S, Basa M, Mallardi F, Snead OC.
The simultaneous administration of ethanol increases the mortality rate and tissue damage observed in rats after 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD). A related increase in tissue 1,4-BD concentration supported the hypothesis of an in vivo competition of the two substances for alcohol dehydrogenase. The clinical implications of the results,
in light of the recent discovery of the presence of endogenous 1,4-BD in humans are discussed.