Generally I tried to keep the protein + fat meals separate from the protein + carb meals. The stinker is that I can't remember the macronutrient ratios right now, but the flax was included in the protein mix to fill in the fat content for the day. Later in the schedule when they made me toss out the oatmeal a couple days a week (and by this time that was the ONLY enjoyable part of my diet), the flax went in there again to cut the carbs but provide enough in that meal to make it last and sustain my energy. By this time I had lost what seemed like a lot of weight to me -- I hadn't seen 133 lbs (competition weight) since like jr high (before puberty), so I was going way below my body's comfort zone, my joints hurt and i was exhausted afer any exertion during the course of the day. My strength peaked at around 2 1/2 months out - for ex my DB curls were 40 lb weights. After that it started dropping a little at a time until I'd be kicked by 25 lb weights. But the most telling example of how tired I was getting, mostly from the carb cutting, was if I had to walk across the parking lot into work on a windy day. You have no idea how close I was to crying by the time I got to the door.
I'm gonna have to "refer this to my esteemed colleagues on the boards" on the 2nd one. If you train & do cardio first thing in the morning, first, I don't think you want to do it on an empty stomach. After "fasting" for the 8 hrs over night, I'm raving starving in the AM and have exactly enough time to get in 40 min of cardio before I start looking at my cat like he might go pretty good w/ some scrambled eggs & coffee.
I think only once in my life have I actually trained in the morning. I recall Spatts was an early morning riser and she would get up an hour before training (4 am??) and have her oats, go back to bed & then get going w/ the training once she's digested. For some reason I used to develop pretty intense stomach aches if I tried doing cardio or training immediately after eating, particularly a protein mix - it doesn't seem to be an issue now - so whatever works for you to get some food in for the AM training.
I've found that protein mixes AFTER training work the best for me. If I've eaten, waited an hour then go train + cardio -- that whole sequence can put me at the edge of my 2 1/2 hr *MUST FUEL NOW OR DIE* limit, so I can throw back the protein shake quickly. It just tends to sit better.
Before you decide to put the flax in the shake or not, determine if you need the extra fat cals. That would be my biggest condition for it. Unless it was a late night shake because I was starving, the flax would help slow digestion so I'm not up w/ a growling stomach again in an hour.
Not sure if I answered the question -- in theory, you can throw some simple carb into your post workout shake to help recover glycogen - if you do, definintely the best time is post workout. This could even be some strawberries or something like that.
I guess my question is, can you train + cardio on an empty stomach comfortably? Otherwise, you might do the shake either before or even during your workout. If you are doing a no / low carb + fat protein shake, you aren't really negating AM cardio purpose of burning carbs while you are at a "zero-balance" starting out the day. And how long between the time you get up, train, then eat, then your Meal 2? I am just a bitch on wheels if I don't eat in the morning, and by the time for Meal 2, I'm another bitch on wheels. What is your timing on all of this in the morning? And do you get hungry over the course of it?
This was actually the same question I had with fit freak's schedule because she also trains in the morning and I don't know what the consensus is on eating before /after training. Personally I wouldn't & probably couldn't do it on an empty stomach and then go and do cardio in addition. I know for a fact that if I do AM cardio, I am about ready to keel over and die from hunger by the last 10 min of the cardio session.