Protein intake is usually expressed in one of two ways: grams
of protein per kilogram of body weight per day (g/kg/day) or as
a percentage of total caloric intake. It has been determined
that the recommended daily allowance of protein for healthy
adults is 0.8 g/kg/day or 12-15 percent of daily caloric intake.
However, research has demonstrated that athletes, both
strength/power and endurance, have an increased need for
protein, especially during times of intense training. These data
suggest that the recommended daily allowance for athletes in
training, ranges from 1.2 to 1.8 g/kg/day, which when coupled
with increased food consumption that accompanies training remains12-15 percent of their daily caloric need. The general
population currently consumes at least 1.0 g/kg/day, and most
athletes routinely consume 1.2 to 2.0 g/kg/day because of their
high total energy intake. Therefore, as long as caloric intake
meets energy expenditure via a well balanced diet, protein insufficiency will not be a problem. Vegetarians or persons on a
restricted diet may consume a majority of incomplete proteins.
In these cases, a greater amount of protein may be required,
possibly via supplementation, to meet the necessary amounts
of essential amino acids.
Currently, there is no evidence that very high protein diets,
greater than 2.0 g/kg/day, will improve performance, increase
muscle size, or increase strength. Excess consumption, in very
high protein diets, may also come with health risks. Excess
calories above individual energy expenditure, from any source,
will be stored as fat.
With appropriate dietary intake, protein supplementation
does not appear to be necessary. In general, a diet that
provides approximately 55 percent of the calories from carbohydrate, 15 percent from protein, and 30 percent from fat will meet the healthy individual’s as well as the athlete’s needs.
this perceived impact, real or not, and commercial promotion
of nutritional supplements that drives the multi-billion dollar
sports supplement market.