From the State of North Dakota's Game and Fish website - Chronic Wasting Q & A
What is Chronic Wasting Disease?
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a progressive, fatal disease of the nervous system of white-tailed deer, mule deer, and elk. It belongs to a family of diseases known as Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs). Although CWD shares certain features with other TSEs like bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE or mad cow disease), scrapie in sheep and goats, and Creutzfeldt - Jakob disease (CJD) in humans, it is a distinct disease apparently affecting only deer and elk. It causes damage to portions of the brain; creating holes in the brain cells and causing a sponge-like appearance.
Is CWD transmissible to humans?
According to experts and public health officials, there is no evidence that CWD can be naturally transmitted to humans or to animals other than deer and elk. However, as a precaution, the North Dakota Game and Fish Department (NDGFD) recommends that you do not consume brain, spinal cord, eyes, spleen, and lymph nodes of any deer or elk. There is no evidence that the prions that cause CWD occur in the meat or muscle tissue of infected animals. Nonetheless, NDGFD recommend that you do not consume any deer or elk that has tested positive for the disease.
Another TSE known as BSE, a disease in cattle has been linked to cases of new-variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (nvCJD) in humans in Great Britain. BSE has not been found in cattle in the United States, nor has nvCJD.
What precautions should hunters take when handling or processing deer and elk?
There is no evidence that CWD naturally affects humans. Nonetheless, NDGFD advises that hunters take these simple precautions when handling the carcass of any deer or elk:
Avoid sick animals; don't handle or shoot them, instead contact local wildlife agency personnel
Wear rubber/latex gloves when field dressing deer or elk
Minimize handling the brain, spinal cord, eyes, spleen, and lymph nodes
Bone out the carcass
Avoid consuming the brain, spinal cord, eyes, spleen, and lymph nodes of any animal (Normal field dressing coupled with boning out a carcass will remove most, if not all, of these body parts. Cutting away all fatty tissue will remove remaining lymph nodes.)
Thoroughly wash hands, knives, and other tools used to field dress the animal
Dispose of the hide and bones in a sanitary landfill or incinerator
Also, hunters who plan to hunt deer or elk in other states should get additional information from the respective state agency.
Is it safe to eat venison from infected deer and elk?
There is no scientific evidence that CWD is transmissible through consumption of venison. The prion that causes CWD accumulates in certain parts of infected animals, i.e., the brain, eyes, spinal cord, lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen. Therefore, these tissues should not be eaten. Health officials additionally advise that no part of any animal with evidence of CWD should be consumed by humans or other animals. Experts suggest that hunters take simple precautions when field dressing deer and elk in areas where CWD exists.
Hope this helps,
Zen