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Both world-class Jamaican and American sprinters have been using a banned drug called oxilofrine (also known as methylsynephrine, hydroxyephrine, oxyephrine, and 4-HMP) to boost their performance and smash records. Find out why these sprinters are breaking all of the rules to use oxilofrine and how it works.
A short while back, I saw an interesting piece of news regarding world-class Jamaican sprinters who were busted for doping. I also happened to see that a famous American sprinter named Tyson Gay was caught doping around the same time. After glancing at the headlines, I thought to myself, “More stories about athletes getting busted for steroids.” Despite my indifference to a subject that I’d read about so many times before, I checked out the stories anyways.
The guilty parties involved were Jamaica’s Asafa Powell and Sherone Simpson. Powell held the 100-meter world record from 2005-08 with a time of 9.74 seconds. Thanks to his blazing speed, he won a 4x100m relay gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics.
Powell’s female Jamaican teammate, Simpson, won a 4x100m gold medal at the 2004 Olympics along with 100-meter and 4x100m silver medals at the 2012 Olympics. As for Gay, his 100-meter time of 9.69 seconds is the second fastest in history, behind Usain Bolt (9.58).
Upon researching these sprinters’ accomplishments, my next thought was to find out what steroid they were busted for. But to my surprise, they weren’t caught using steroids at all. Instead, Gay, Powell and Simpson all tested positive for an amphetamine called oxilofrine.
If you’re unfamiliar with oxilofrine, this drug is traditionally used to treat hypotension (low blood pressure) in people who don’t respond well to conventional treatment. Oxilofrine is not widely used in the US, or many other countries for that matter. A more common usage is in sports and dietary supplements, where oxilofrine can burn fat and cause weight loss.
Okay, so burning fat can definitely be helpful to bodybuilders cutting for a contest. But it’s not overly beneficial to champion sprinters who are mainly worried about their on-track performance, rather than looks. So what’s the real reason why athletes like Powell, Gay and Simpson would put their reputations on the line to use oxilofrine?
Well another noteworthy effect of oxilofrine is that it increases the body’s production of adrenaline. And with increased adrenaline comes more exercise endurance, improved focus, better oxygenation of the blood, a faster heart rate, and increased alertness. Of these effects, the extra endurance and improved blood oxygenation would definitely give sprinters a boost during their training.
Because of all the performance-enhancing benefits of oxilofrine, it’s been banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). And those caught using this amphetamine face up to a two-year ban from sanctioned track & field competitions. But even with these potential punishments, I guarantee you that plenty of athletes are still using this drug.
Speaking of using oxilofrine, those who don’t have a prescription normally ingest it, mixed with supplements, through liquid capsule form. After taking the drug, many athletes are able to train harder and longer. But not everything is rosy with oxilofrine because there are some warnings to heed.
Those who continually abuse this amphetamine for its performance-enhancing benefits run the risk of cardiac dysrhythmia (irregular heartbeat), haemorrhagic stroke and tachycardiacs (dangerously high heart rate). There’s also the risk of high blood pressure in those who have normal blood pressure.
So obviously oxilofrine isn’t a drug to be taken lightly. But Powell, Gay and Sherone seem to have felt that both the physical and reputation risks were worth taking oxilofrine. Unfortunately, they got caught and now face a ban if they’re unable to convince WADA of their innocence.
Here\'s some links to related discussions on the EliteFitness.com forums:
Tyson Gay Busted for Oxilofrine (methyl synephrine) Doping
Oxilofrine (also known as methylsynephrine, hydroxyephrine, oxyephrine, and 4-HMP)
Is methyl synephrine - Oxilofrine - toxic?
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